電梯(ti)部件報廢(fei)標準2016年2月1日起實施 將(jiang)節(jie)省千億(yi)資金

《電梯主(zhu)要部(bu)件報廢技(ji)術條件》標(biao)準編號：GB/T 31821-2015

Specification for discard of the main parts of lifts

我國首部(bu)(bu)電(dian)梯(ti)(ti)報(bao)廢標準主要規定了曳(ye)引與強制驅(qu)動(dong)電(dian)梯(ti)(ti)、液(ye)壓電(dian)梯(ti)(ti)主要部(bu)(bu)件的(de)(de)報(bao)廢技(ji)術條件。適用(yong)于(yu)額(e)定速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)不(bu)大于(yu)6.0m/s的(de)(de)電(dian)力驅(qu)動(dong)曳(ye)引式(shi)和額(e)定速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)不(bu)大于(yu)0.63m/s的(de)(de)電(dian)力驅(qu)動(dong)強制式(shi)乘客電(dian)梯(ti)(ti)和載貨電(dian)梯(ti)(ti),以及額(e)定速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)不(bu)大于(yu)1.0m/s的(de)(de)液(ye)壓電(dian)梯(ti)(ti)。對于(yu)額(e)定速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)大于(yu)6.0m/s的(de)(de)電(dian)力驅(qu)動(dong)曳(ye)引式(shi)乘客電(dian)梯(ti)(ti)和載貨電(dian)梯(ti)(ti)可(ke)參照(zhao)這個標準執行。

標(biao)準不(bu)適用(yong)于雜物電梯。 

特殊(shu)情況(如適用于殘障人員、火(huo)災情況、潛在(zai)的(de)(de)爆炸環境、極端的(de)(de)氣候條(tiao)件、地震情況或運輸(shu)危險(xian)物品等)使用的(de)(de)電(dian)梯(ti),除本(ben)標準的(de)(de)要(yao)求外,還應按照(zhao)相應標準的(de)(de)附加要(yao)求確定(ding)報廢技術條(tiao)件。

發布(bu)部門：中華人民共和國國家質(zhi)量監督檢驗(yan)檢疫(yi)總(zong)局 中國國家標(biao)準(zhun)化管理委(wei)員會

主(zhu)管部門：全國電梯標(biao)準化技術委員會(SAC/TC 196)

標準參加起草單位: 上海(hai)市特(te)(te)(te)(te)種(zhong)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)監督檢驗技(ji)術(shu)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)院、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)建筑(zhu)科(ke)學研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)院建筑(zhu)機械(xie)(xie)化研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)分(fen)院、上海(hai)三菱(ling)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、通(tong)(tong)(tong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、迅達(da)(中(zhong)國(guo)(guo))電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、日(ri)(ri)立電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(中(zhong)國(guo)(guo))有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、奧(ao)(ao)的(de)斯(si)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(中(zhong)國(guo)(guo))投資有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、東(dong)(dong)南電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)股份有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、永大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(中(zhong)國(guo)(guo))有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、西(xi)(xi)子奧(ao)(ao)的(de)斯(si)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、廣東(dong)(dong)省特(te)(te)(te)(te)種(zhong)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)檢測研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)院、深(shen)圳市特(te)(te)(te)(te)種(zhong)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)安全檢驗研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)院、華升富(fu)士達(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、東(dong)(dong)芝電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(中(zhong)國(guo)(guo))有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、江南嘉捷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)股份有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、蒂(di)森(sen)(sen)克虜伯電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(上海(hai))有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、沈陽博林(lin)特(te)(te)(te)(te)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)集(ji)團股份有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、上海(hai)交通(tong)(tong)(tong)大學、江蘇省特(te)(te)(te)(te)種(zhong)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)安全監督檢驗研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)院蘇州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)分(fen)院、廣州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)廣日(ri)(ri)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)工(gong)業有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、康力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)股份有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、巨人通(tong)(tong)(tong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、菱(ling)王電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)股份有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、蘇州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)帝奧(ao)(ao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、優耐德電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、上海(hai)現代電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)制造(zao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、森(sen)(sen)赫(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)股份有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、蘇州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)默納克控制技(ji)術(shu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、蘇州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)通(tong)(tong)(tong)潤驅動(dong)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)股份有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、國(guo)(guo)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)質量監督檢驗中(zhong)心(xin)、天津市奧(ao)(ao)瑞克電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、西(xi)(xi)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)集(ji)團有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、蘇州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)巨立電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、杭州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)西(xi)(xi)奧(ao)(ao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、河北東(dong)(dong)方富(fu)達(da)機械(xie)(xie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、昆山通(tong)(tong)(tong)祐電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、寧波申(shen)菱(ling)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)配件有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、寧波力隆(long)企業集(ji)團有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、蘇州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)萊茵電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)制造(zao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)。 

標(biao)準起草人:舒文華、歐陽惠卿、陳鳳旺、甘靖戈、李(li)峰(feng)(feng)、朱保慶(qing)、佘運葵、張(zhang)(zhang)金鐘、馬依萍、鄧奇、溫愛民、李(li)楚鋒、王定成、李(li)瑞堯、謝松青、周(zhou)衛東、張(zhang)(zhang)壽林、于(yu)春(chun)(chun)梅、張(zhang)(zhang)曉峰(feng)(feng)、鄭曲飛、侯應(ying)浩(hao)、張(zhang)(zhang)建(jian)宏、李(li)雪榮、余建(jian)國、唐(tang)林鐘、胥文明(ming)、彭謝金、牛有權、劉春(chun)(chun)凱(kai)、房文娜、梁彥昌、沈言、馮斌、王春(chun)(chun)光、宋亮(liang)、賈硯華、王明(ming)福、林斌、彭年俊、李(li)明(ming)珠。

標(biao)準(zhun)規定了(le)“安全保護裝置、緊急救援裝置、井道(dao)安全門(men)和(he)(he)活(huo)板門(men)、驅動主(zhu)機、轎(jiao)廂、層門(men)和(he)(he)轎(jiao)門(men)、電氣控制裝置”等(deng)13項對電梯(ti)安全運(yun)(yun)(yun)行影響較大(da)的(de)(de)電梯(ti)主(zhu)要(yao)部件(jian)報廢技術(shu)條(tiao)件(jian)。新標(biao)準(zhun)明確(que),將(jiang)機械損傷(如開裂(lie)、變形)、非正常磨損、銹蝕、材料老化(hua)、電氣故障(zhang)、電氣元件(jian)破損等(deng)6種影響安全運(yun)(yun)(yun)行的(de)(de)失效(xiao)或(huo)(huo)潛在失效(xiao)模(mo)式(shi)作(zuo)為(wei)部件(jian)的(de)(de)報廢技術(shu)條(tiao)件(jian),為(wei)存在風(feng)險隱(yin)患需(xu)要(yao)報廢部件(jian)提供了(le)技術(shu)依據。通過對存在失效(xiao)或(huo)(huo)潛在失效(xiao)風(feng)險的(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)部件(jian)進(jin)行報廢來推(tui)進(jin)電梯(ti)整機的(de)(de)更新改造,有(you)利于提高電梯(ti)設備的(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)行安全和(he)(he)使用(yong)壽命。

標(biao)準兼顧了(le)公(gong)共安全與資源節約。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上海(hai)為例(li),目前(qian)使用年(nian)(nian)(nian)限超過(guo)(guo)(guo)15年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)電梯(ti)(ti)有兩(liang)萬(wan)(wan)余臺(tai)(tai),如(ru)根據15年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)設計壽(shou)命(ming)全部整體(ti)報(bao)廢,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)平均每臺(tai)(tai)耗費(fei)40萬(wan)(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)計算(suan),就需要超過(guo)(guo)(guo)80億元(yuan)(yuan)人民(min)幣的(de)投入(ru),而只報(bao)廢并(bing)更換安全性能不符(fu)合要求(qiu)的(de)部件(jian)使電梯(ti)(ti)繼續保持安全運行,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)更換20%的(de)部件(jian)計算(suan),可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)節約超過(guo)(guo)(guo)64億的(de)資金。據新(xin)電梯(ti)(ti)中國(guo)網的(de)統計到2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)初全國(guo)約有36萬(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上超過(guo)(guo)(guo)15年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)老舊(jiu)電梯(ti)(ti)，如(ru)果全部更新(xin)需要超過(guo)(guo)(guo)1440億元(yuan)(yuan)，新(xin)標(biao)準實施后可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)節約1152億元(yuan)(yuan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上資金，但老舊(jiu)電梯(ti)(ti)部件(jian)的(de)更替(ti)仍會有288億元(yuan)(yuan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上的(de)市(shi)場份額，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)40萬(wan)(wan)一臺(tai)(tai)計算(suan)，約合7.2萬(wan)(wan)臺(tai)(tai)新(xin)梯(ti)(ti)的(de)市(shi)場占(zhan)有量，并(bing)且以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)每年(nian)(nian)(nian)20%的(de)速度增長，這給緩慢增長直至逐漸衰減的(de)中國(guo)電梯(ti)(ti)市(shi)場帶來活力。